Classification of cotton fibers
Cotton fiber is the seed fiber of cotton. Most cotton is an annual plant, which is developed from the epidermal cells that grow on cotton seeds. There are many types of cotton, and currently there are mainly two classification methods.
1. Classification by cotton variety
Fine cashmere cotton: also known as upland cotton. The fine line density and length are medium, the general length is 25 ~ 35mm, the line density is 1.56 ~ 2.12dtex, the strength is again about 4.5cN/dtex. Most of the currently suspended cotton in China falls into this category, accounting for about 95% of the cotton planted area in China.
Long-staple cotton: Long-staple cotton, also known as sea-island cotton. Fine and long fibers, the general length of more than 33mm, linear density of 1.18 ~ 1.54dtex, strength and then 4.0cN/dtex or more. It is of excellent quality and is mainly used for spinning superior cotton yarns finer than 10dtex. At present, China grows less, except for Xinjiang long-staple cotton, which is mainly imported from Egypt and Sudan.
2. According to the primary processing of cotton
Cottonseeds from cotton fields can not be directly processed by textile processing. The initial processing must be carried out first, that is, cottonseeds in seed cotton are removed to obtain lint, which can be used for textile production. This initial processing is also called ginning. According to different initial processing methods, cotton can be divided into sawtooth cotton and roller cotton.
1 Sawtooth cotton: The lint cotton that is processed by the sawtooth ginner is called serrated cotton. At present, most of the fine velveteen cottons use jagged gins.
2 roller cotton: The use of leather roller gin cotton roller obtained by processing. Long-staple cotton generally uses lap cotton. The world's major cotton production areas are from the United States, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt and other countries. The cultivation of cotton in China is almost all over the country, and the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin are the main ones. There are also five major cotton fields in the Northwest Inland, Liaohe River Basin and South China.
Composition and Morphology of Cotton Fiber
Cotton fiber composition
The main main material of cotton fiber is cellulose, which accounts for about 94%. In addition, there are sugars, waxes, proteins, fats, water-soluble substances, ash and other companions.
2. Morphology of cotton fibers
The lower position of the cotton is a thin, long, flat band, which is longitudinally twisted (or twisted) and the immature fibers are less likely to turn. The cross section of the cotton fiber is elliptical or waist-shaped, with a middle cavity in the middle, a small cavity in the mature fiber, a large cavity in the immature fiber, and poor quality.
Morphology of cotton fibers
Morphology of cotton fibers
The basic characteristics of cotton fiber
The cotton fiber is slender, soft, warm to the touch, and hygroscopic. It is also comfortable to wear and is not prone to static electricity. Dyeing is better, luster is darker, and the style is natural and simple. The moisture of cotton fiber is stronger than that of dry fiber, and the heat resistance to moisture and heat is good. Therefore, the cotton fiber fabric is washable and can be soaked in hot water and dried at high temperature. Cotton fiber is not alkali-resistant, and caustic soda will cause the cotton fiber to expand directly, shorten its length, and cause the fabric to shrink strongly. At this time, if a funeral is imposed and the shrinkage is restricted, the cotton fiber fabric will become smooth and smooth, and the dyeing performance and gloss will be improved. This process is called mercerizing. Acidic substances can damage it, so it should be cleaned after wearing it. Cotton fibers are prone to mildew and discoloration, and care should be taken during maintenance. The disadvantages of cotton fiber fabrics are: poor elasticity, non-stiffness, easy wrinkling when worn, and insufficient abrasion resistance, and thinning and damage are common in areas where friction occurs.
For more information, please pay attention to China bubu.com
Cotton fiber is the seed fiber of cotton. Most cotton is an annual plant, which is developed from the epidermal cells that grow on cotton seeds. There are many types of cotton, and currently there are mainly two classification methods.
1. Classification by cotton variety
Fine cashmere cotton: also known as upland cotton. The fine line density and length are medium, the general length is 25 ~ 35mm, the line density is 1.56 ~ 2.12dtex, the strength is again about 4.5cN/dtex. Most of the currently suspended cotton in China falls into this category, accounting for about 95% of the cotton planted area in China.
Long-staple cotton: Long-staple cotton, also known as sea-island cotton. Fine and long fibers, the general length of more than 33mm, linear density of 1.18 ~ 1.54dtex, strength and then 4.0cN/dtex or more. It is of excellent quality and is mainly used for spinning superior cotton yarns finer than 10dtex. At present, China grows less, except for Xinjiang long-staple cotton, which is mainly imported from Egypt and Sudan.
2. According to the primary processing of cotton
Cottonseeds from cotton fields can not be directly processed by textile processing. The initial processing must be carried out first, that is, cottonseeds in seed cotton are removed to obtain lint, which can be used for textile production. This initial processing is also called ginning. According to different initial processing methods, cotton can be divided into sawtooth cotton and roller cotton.
1 Sawtooth cotton: The lint cotton that is processed by the sawtooth ginner is called serrated cotton. At present, most of the fine velveteen cottons use jagged gins.
2 roller cotton: The use of leather roller gin cotton roller obtained by processing. Long-staple cotton generally uses lap cotton. The world's major cotton production areas are from the United States, India, Pakistan, Brazil, Egypt and other countries. The cultivation of cotton in China is almost all over the country, and the Yellow River basin and the Yangtze River basin are the main ones. There are also five major cotton fields in the Northwest Inland, Liaohe River Basin and South China.
Composition and Morphology of Cotton Fiber
Cotton fiber composition
The main main material of cotton fiber is cellulose, which accounts for about 94%. In addition, there are sugars, waxes, proteins, fats, water-soluble substances, ash and other companions.
2. Morphology of cotton fibers
The lower position of the cotton is a thin, long, flat band, which is longitudinally twisted (or twisted) and the immature fibers are less likely to turn. The cross section of the cotton fiber is elliptical or waist-shaped, with a middle cavity in the middle, a small cavity in the mature fiber, a large cavity in the immature fiber, and poor quality.
Morphology of cotton fibers
Morphology of cotton fibers
The basic characteristics of cotton fiber
The cotton fiber is slender, soft, warm to the touch, and hygroscopic. It is also comfortable to wear and is not prone to static electricity. Dyeing is better, luster is darker, and the style is natural and simple. The moisture of cotton fiber is stronger than that of dry fiber, and the heat resistance to moisture and heat is good. Therefore, the cotton fiber fabric is washable and can be soaked in hot water and dried at high temperature. Cotton fiber is not alkali-resistant, and caustic soda will cause the cotton fiber to expand directly, shorten its length, and cause the fabric to shrink strongly. At this time, if a funeral is imposed and the shrinkage is restricted, the cotton fiber fabric will become smooth and smooth, and the dyeing performance and gloss will be improved. This process is called mercerizing. Acidic substances can damage it, so it should be cleaned after wearing it. Cotton fibers are prone to mildew and discoloration, and care should be taken during maintenance. The disadvantages of cotton fiber fabrics are: poor elasticity, non-stiffness, easy wrinkling when worn, and insufficient abrasion resistance, and thinning and damage are common in areas where friction occurs.
For more information, please pay attention to China bubu.com
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